Spatially-temporal traffic dynamics and URLLC service

General

Service Requirement

3GPP 5G Service

• mMTC (massic Machine-Type Communication) 夠大

  • Long Distance (link budge 164dB)
  • Power efficiency (10+ years battery lifetime)
  • Extremely dense (1+million devices/km²)

• eMBB (enhanced Mobile Broadband) 夠寬

  • Packet cell rate at 10Gbps

  • Latency at air interface ~10ms

• URLLC (Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communications) （夠低）

  • Air interface latency <1ms
  • Prbability of devliery 0.9999999

5G NR Services

• New bandwidth-greedy services
  • VR,AR
  • High-rate video application (FHD+)
• High-end IoT application
  • Inter-robot communication
  • V2V communcation, V stands for Vehicle
  • inter-UAV communications
    • unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)

Servicing Spatially-temporal traffic

Traffic Anaysis

• Different time of day

Solution

• Locailzation(off-loading ) using D2D(devices)
  • A fraction of traffic can be localized
  • Offloading onto direct links
• On-demand service provisioning
  • Mobile access points
  • “Cell on whieels” (CoW), UAV
    • COW: portable mobile cellular site that provides temporary network and wireless coverage to locations where cellular coverage is minimal or compromised.

Traffic Localization (off-loading)

D2D Technologies

• Wifi-direct, LTE-sidelink

• 3GPP plans to add NR-direct

• Limitation
  • Limited communication range
  • Still limited support

D2D meshs

• interference in adhoc network
• relaying a mesh

Blockchain

Mobile AP

3GPP Supoort

• UAV support in 3GPP
• NR relaying/sidelink
• Backhauling

Performance

• Backhaul is critial
• Dynamic optimization is critical
• Interplay between no. of UEs and no. of UAVs

URLLC Service

High-end IoT application

• Driven by new use-cases
• Driven by elecronic evolution

Industrial Automation

• Autonomous production lines
• Traffic characteristics
  • Low latency (few ms)
  • High reliability (10^-5 BLER) (Block Error Rate)

Autonmous Driving

• Future of car industry
• Traffic characteristics
  • Huge throughput
  • Low latency

Healthcare : Remote surgeries

• Traffic characteristics
  • Extremely Low latency (<1ms)
  • Extremely High reliability (10^-9)

Remote Diagnosis

• NR+LTE

Addressing Latency

• Main chanllenge
  • NR frame duration : 1ms
  • Latency <1ms
  • How to conform?
• Two principle ways
  • Reservation/priorities
  • Non-Orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)
    • International overlapping of data
    • Enable by flexible NR slot numberology

Addressing Reliability

• Bloackage may or may not lead to outage(中斷)
  • Case 1: blockage leads to lower MSC scheme
    • MSC: Mobile Switching Service Centre
  • Case 2: bloackage leads to outage
• Solution
  • Case 1: provide more resources
    • Bandwidth reservation
    • Isolated deployments
  • Case 2: find a new path
    • 3GPP multi-connectivity
    • Dense deployments
• Multi-connectivity
  • avoiding outage!
• Bandwidth reservation
  • Alleviating lower MCSs(Modulation and Coding Scheme)